@article {21153, title = {Natural lipid nanoparticles extracted from Morus nigra L. leaves for targeted treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma via the oral route}, journal = {Journal Of Nanobiotechnology}, volume = {22}, year = {2024}, month = {2024-01-03 00:00:00}, publisher = {BMC, Springer Nature}, abstract = {

The clinical application of conventional medications for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment has been severely restricted by their adverse effects and unsatisfactory therapeutic effectiveness. Inspired by the concept of {\textquoteleft}medicine food homology{\textquoteright}, we extracted and purified natural exosome-like lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) from black mulberry (Morus nigra\ L.) leaves. The obtained MLNPs possessed a desirable hydrodynamic particle size (162.1\ nm), a uniform size distribution (polydispersity index = 0.025), and a negative surface charge (-26.6 mv). These natural LNPs were rich in glycolipids, functional proteins, and active small molecules (e.g., rutin and quercetin 3-O-glucoside). In vitro experiments revealed that MLNPs were preferentially internalized by liver tumor cell lines\ via\ galactose receptor-mediated endocytosis, increased intracellular oxidative stress, and triggered mitochondrial damage, resulting in suppressing the viability, migration, and invasion of these cells. Importantly, in vivo investigations suggested that oral MLNPs entered into the circulatory system mainly through the jejunum and colon, and they exhibited negligible adverse effects and superior anti-liver tumor outcomes through direct tumor killing and intestinal microbiota modulation. These findings collectively demonstrate the potential of MLNPs as a natural, safe, and robust nanomedicine for oral treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

}, keywords = {Galactose-mediated endocytosis, Green preparation, Liver cancer, Natural nanomedicine, Oral route}, issn = {1477-3155}, url = {https://jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12951-023-02286-3}, author = {Gao, Q. and Chen, N. and Li, B. and Zu, M. and Ma, Y. and Xu, H. and Zhu, Z. and Reis, R. L. and Kundu, S. C. and Xiao, B.} }