@article {20217,
	title = {Three-dimensional gradients in isotropic and anisotropic mimetic scaffolds for regenerative medicine applications},
	journal = {TERM STEM 2017},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017-11-15 00:00:00},
	address = {Porto, Portugal},
	abstract = {<p>Gradients of 3-D complex functional patterns at micro-scale are common in nature, and used in several fields such as drug delivery, micro-fabrication, drug development and tissue engineering1. While diverse fabrication techniques based on material science, micro-scale engineering, and microfluidics have been used to synthesize biomimetic and tailored microenvironments2,3, a need is still present for improved methods of gradient shape control and stability4. Here, we describe customized crosslinking and freeze-drying techniques to guide 3-D structures gradients and porosity, programmed by composition and shape into isotropy and anisotropy. Using control over crosslinking and temperature as a driving mechanism, hydrogel-like structures were built in 3-D porous gradients. We demonstrate unique capabilities such as 3-D soft systems with controlled porous architecture fabricated without compromising the produced gradients. Finally, we developed a 3-D osteochondral in vitro model by culturing fat pad adipose-derived stem cells in the gradient structures under dynamic conditions using a custom dual-chamber bioreactor. The developed technique allows the control of 3-D gradients anisotropy with broad applications in interfaced tissue engineering and drug delivery with special focus on regenerative medicine.</p>},
	keywords = {Anisotropic scaffolds, hydroxyapatite gradient, In Vitro Model, Osteochondral},
	url = {https://3bs.uminho.pt/content/2017-gene2skin-winter-school-term-stem-forecast-2017},
	author = {Canadas, R. F. and Marques, A. P. and Oliveira, J. M. and Reis, R. L. and Demirci, U.}
}
