@article {19921, title = {Show your beaks and we tell you what you eat: Different ecology in sympatric Antarctic benthic octopods under a climate change context}, journal = {Marine Environmental Research}, volume = {150}, year = {2019}, month = {2019-07-08 00:00:00}, pages = {104757}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd.}, abstract = {

Sympatry can lead to higher competition under climate change and other environmental pressures, including in South Georgia, Antarctica, where the two most common octopod species,\ Adelieledone polymorphaand\ Pareledone turqueti, occur side by side. Since cephalopods are typically elusive animals, the ecology of both species is poorly known. As beaks of cephalopods are recurrently found in top predator{\textquoteright}s stomachs, we studied the feeding ecology of both octopods through the evaluation of niche overlapping and specific beak adaptations that both species present. A multidisciplinary approach combining carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope signatures, mercury (Hg) analysis and biomaterials{\textquoteright} engineering techniques was applied to investigate the beaks. An isotopic niche overlap of 95.6\% was recorded for the juvenile stages of both octopod species, dropping to 19.2\% for the adult stages. Both\ A. polymorphaand\ P. turqueti\ inhabit benthic ecosystems around South Georgia throughout their lifecycles (δ13C: -19.21 {\textpm} 1.87{\textperthousand}, mean {\textpm} SD for both species) but explore trophic niches partially different during adult life stages (δ15N: 7.01 {\textpm} 0.40{\textperthousand}, in\ A. polymorpha,\ and 7.84 {\textpm} 0.65{\textperthousand}, in\ P. turqueti). The beaks of\ A. polymorphaare less dense and significantly less stiff than in\ P. turqueti. Beaks showed lower mercury concentration relative to muscle (A. polymorpha- beaks: 0.052 {\textpm} 0.009 μg g-1, muscle: 0.322 {\textpm} 0.088 μg g-1;\ P. turqueti- beaks: 0.038 {\textpm} 0.009 μg g-1; muscle: 0.434 {\textpm} 0.128 μg g-1). Overall, both octopods exhibit similar habitats but different trophic niches, related to morphology/function of beaks. The high Hg concentrations in both octopods can have negative consequences on their top predators and may increase under the present climate change context.

}, keywords = {Biomaterials, Cephalopods, Mercury, South Georgia, Stable isotopes, Sympatry}, issn = {0141-1136}, doi = {10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104757}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104757}, author = {Matias, R. S. and Gregory, S. and Ceia, F. R. and Baeta, A. and Seco, J. and Rocha, M. S. and Fernandes, E. M. and Reis, R. L. and Silva, T. H. and Pereira, E. and Piatkowski, U. and Ramos, J. A. and Xavier, J. C.}, editor = {Regoli, F. and Sokolova, I.} }