@article {18154,
	title = {Assessing the repair of critical size bone defects performed in a goat tibia model using tissue-engineered constructs cultured in a bidirectional flow perfusion bioreactor},
	journal = {Journal of Biomaterials Applications},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014-01-09 00:00:00},
	pages = {172{\textendash}185},
	publisher = {SAGE},
	abstract = {<p style="text-align: justify;">This work evaluated in vivo performance of a tissue-engineered bone-like matrix obtained by culturing cell-scaffold\&nbsp;constructs in a flow perfusion bioreactor, designed to enable culture of large constructs, envisioning the regeneration of\&nbsp;critical-sized defects. A blend of starch with polycaprolactone scaffolds was seeded with goat bone marrow stromal cells\&nbsp;(GBMSCs) cultured in the perfusion bioreactor for 14 days using osteogenic medium. Cell seeded scaffolds cultured in\&nbsp;static conditions acted as controls. After 14 days, constructs (42 mm length and 16 mm in diameter) were implanted in\&nbsp;critical size defects performed in the tibial bone of six adult goats from which the bone marrow had been collected\&nbsp;previously. Explants were retrieved after six and 12 weeks of implantation and characterized using scanning electron\&nbsp;microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, micro-computed tomography and radiographic analysis to assess tissue\&nbsp;morphology and calcification. Explants were histologically analyzed, using Hematoxylin \&amp; Eosin and Masson Trichrome\&nbsp;staining. Results provided relevant information about the performance and functionality of starch with polycaprolactone{\textendash}goat bone marrow stromal cell constructs in a critical size orthotopic defect performed in a large animal model and<br>demonstrated that culture of the starch with polycaprolactone scaffolds with the autologous cells in perfusion culture\&nbsp;provide a good therapy for the healing and regenerative process of bone defects.</p>},
	keywords = {biodegradable scaffolds, bone, critical size defect, flow perfusion system, goat bone marrow stromal cells},
	doi = {10.1177/0885328213519351},
	url = {http://jba.sagepub.com/content/29/2/172},
	author = {Gardel, L. S. and Afonso, M. and Frias, C. and Gomes, M. E. and Reis, R. L.}
}
