@article {17946, title = {Anti-inflammatory effect of unsaturated fatty acids and ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol from Marthasterias glacialis: prevention of CHOP-mediated ER-stress and NF-κB activation }, journal = {Plos One}, year = {2013}, month = {2013-12-20 00:00:00}, abstract = {

There has been increasing awareness to the potential interest of drug discovery from marine natural products to treat several pathological conditions, including inflammation. In this work we describe the anti-inflammatory activity of several compounds present in the echinoderm Marthasterias glacialis (spiny sea-star), using the inflammatory model RAW 264.7 cells challenged with LPS.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  \ Lipidomic profiling of the organism revealed two major classes of compounds: fatty acids and sterols. Among these, the predominant compounds cis 11-eicosenoic and cis 11,14 eicosadienoic acids and the unsaturated sterol ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol were evaluated.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  The mechanism of action of the compounds was distinct as they modulated different levels of the inflammation pathway. Classical inflammatory markers such as COX-2, iNOS, IL-6 and NF-κB were evaluated. We also studied the contribution of the CHOP pathway-mediated ER-stress to the inflammatory process.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  Overall, the sterol ergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol was the most active compound, however maximum activity was obtained when all compounds were tested in combination, thus suggesting a potentially synergistic activity of both classes of metabolites.

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \  This work establishes the echinoderm M. glacialis as an interesting source of anti-inflammatory molecules.

}, keywords = {22-dien-3-ol, Anti-inflammatory, CHOP, Ergosta-7, IKB-α}, doi = {DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0088341}, author = {Pereira, D. M. and Correia-da-Silva, G. and Valent{\~a}o, P. and Teixeira, N. and Andrade, P. B.} }